The chaos in the mutual fund industry is very disruptive. Right now,
there are massive redemptions across the industry as state pension
funds are firing their mutual fund advisors.
The quest by New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer to expose the
mutual fund trading scandals hasn't materially disrupted the flow of
funds into the market. It's only hurt the mutual fund companies that
are involved in the trading scandals. However, the more Spitzer and
the SEC dig, the more they'll find, so the trading scandals will likely
last for several more months.
The obsession with mutual fund trading has an interesting origin. Many
securities firms have been publishing reports on the "oscillating"
nature of the stock market. These reports discuss how the market has
been
very rotational and favoring specific industries at specific times.
For example, consumer stocks did well in the second quarter of 2002,
followed by health care in the third quarter, telecom in the fourth,
airlines in the first quarter of this year, followed by low-priced
stocks
in the second quarter.
Although these research reports just reported normal industry
rotation, they helped foster a trading mentality that swept through Wall Street. In fact, in my extensive travels, I can attest to the fact that
there's an obsession with trading in Manhattan and even with mutual fund whole-salers who cater to trading. The reason that traders prefer mutual funds is that they can buy and sell funds with virtually no bid/ask
spreads.
Many of the fund companies that are being investigated were involved
in "parking" timing funds in safer fixed-income mutual funds. This was
a way to cater to market timers when they were exiting more volatile
mutual funds in the same fund family. The mutual funds that are under
the most intense investigation are the international funds. Some market
timers would try to buy these funds after hours at yesterday's prices to take advantage of a surging market in Hong Kong or elsewhere. These
international mutual fund timers were essentially practicing
"arbitrage" and trying to profit from price inefficiencies.
Overall, there are essentially three types of mutual fund timers.
First, those investors who switch due to oscillating stock markets
(including some 401 and annuity participants). Second, there are
the professional switchers who "park" their money in an income fund
after they exit a stock fund. Finally, there are arbitrage switchers
who were taking advantage of price inefficiencies in international
markets
and buying funds after hours.
All of these switching activities cause trading costs to soar and hurt
all mutual fund share-holders. The reason that so many state pension
funds have been firing mutual fund companies is that the excess costs
were being passed on to the state pension funds. As some fund
companies offer to refund shareholders, they're setting themselves up
to be fired by major pension funds.
So far, these investigations have not reached the average shareholder
who switches within a retirement account or annuity, but the media is
looking at excessive turnover to uncover more switchers. If you ever go
to a major investment conference, like the Intershow Money Shows, you
can often see software exhibits dedicated to market timing and
switching.
These services are designed to cater to active investors.
I suspect that much of this switching activity will escape the
scrutiny of Mr. Spitzer and the SEC. The reason is that most major fund
companies will impose restrictions to slow down switching activity and
lower trading costs for all shareholders. Ultimately, this will lower
the
operating costs of the mutual fund industry and will benefit all
mutual fund shareholders.
Personally, I'm thrilled to see Eliot Spitzer trying to clean up the
mutual fund industry. As the CIO of a mutual fund company that bears my
name,
I've always believed that mutual funds must serve the interest of all
their
shareholders. Many of us in the industry are excited about what's
happening. There's going to be a lot of money flying around from one
mutual fund complex to another. I fully expect that in the end, the
good guys in the business will prevail. The mutual fund industry will
emerge from these investigations with substantial reforms and will be
better because of the current investigations by Eliot Spitzer and the
SEC.
Despite all the mutual fund trading scandals, new money continues
to pour into the stock market. All the mutual fund trading scandals
are doing is re-shuffling who gets the money. As the SEC and more
mutual fund families discourage trading practices, it will likely help
to stabilize the stock market, reduce volatility and boost investor
confidence.
For this and several other reasons (more on my 2004 stock market
outlook when you accept a risk-free Trial Membership to Blue Chip
Growth today), I truly
believe we are entering a great era for investors. The strongest
economic growth in 20 years has arrived. Record corporate earnings
will be announced next year. The market will be surging for at least
several months as it follows record corporate profits and reaches new
highs. Plus, the Fed will hold rates steady for several months as
extra insurance. I expect that the market will remain strong right up
to the Presidential election, as the stimulus provided by the Fed and
Congress will help the economy grow by at least a 5% annual rate for
the foreseeable future.
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